Entropy is used to express the amount of useless energy. In an isolated system, the difference in energy levels is always about to be equilibrium. Energy is always shifted from high to low. With this energy flow, we could work, and entropy increases in entropy. The energy level has become equilibrium, reducing the energy we can use next time. The generator can function because of the water flowing from the dam, but one cannot continue working when water drips onto the flat floor. Entropy is increasing now; therefore, an increase in entropy indicates that helpful energy is becoming less and less worthless. Clausius expressed that entropy tends to move toward the maximum point. According to the law of entropy increase, the universe's entropy has to reach its maximum point, meaning that all energy is in equilibrium. In other words, if the universe is in an orderly state of high-energy particles and low-energy particles, it eventually moves into a chaotic state where everything is in equilibrium, and nothing changes. Austrian physicist Ludwig Boltzmann tries to explain entropy.

There is a particle in an isolated place with energy and these particles move freely in place. The article will be in one of the places. Also, at each position, the particle has one of the momentums. So when we look at a particle, the number of states that a particle can be in is the number of positions that the particle can be in the place times the number of momentum that the particle can have in each position. As the energy of a particle increases, the amount of momentum it can have increases. So there are more states where particles can exist at some point. Another particle will break into this space.

We can see that according to the first law of thermodynamics, the total amount of energy is always constant. Now the two particles have to fight and share their energy. If the energy is called bread and there are four pieces of bread, the particles divide the bread because when one particle is in one state, the other particle can have several different states. So at some point, the number of states a particle can be in is times the number of states that one particle has by the number of states that the other particle has. For example, if one particle has a bivalent state and the other has three states, then at some point, two particles can exist in one of the six states. For a single particle, the higher the energy, the greater the number of states in which it can exist. For two particles, they have the most states mathematically when the energy is divided equally. Therefore, if we observe the two particles of an isolated system after some time has passed, we are most likely to see them in a state where their energies are equal. This is because the number of states with equal energies has the highest proportion among all the possible states where the two particles can exist. If we increase the number of particles, the probability of them existing where their energies are equal becomes much higher than the probability of them existing in an uneven state.

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