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African Swine Fever Outbreak in Korea
±èÁÖÇö °­³²Æ÷½ºÆ® Çлý±âÀÚ | ½ÂÀÎ 2019.10.24 20:32

African Swine Fever(ASF) is a contagious pig disease. It has a high mortality rate of 100%, while humans and other animals are not susceptible to ASF.

ASF is usually prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa as an endemic disease. The disease was first discovered in Kenya in 1921. The first outbreak in Europe happened in Portugal in 1957, and since then the disease started to spread from Western Europe to Eastern Europe and East Asia. The first outbreak in Asia happened in Liaoning province in China in 2018, and this year ASF was also found in Southeast Asia countries such as Vietnam, Thailand, and Cambodia. The first outbreak in Korea occurred in Paju on September 17.

According to the World Organization for Animal Health(OIE), ASF is transmitted through infected pigs' tissue, blood, secretion, and extortion. The virus still survives after an infected pig dies. Since ASFV can survive for three to six months in uncooked pork, indirect transmission is possible through feeding garbage containing contaminated meat. Also, contaminated clothes, vehicles, and equipment can spread ASF.

Domestic pigs and wild boars in endemic areas are virus carriers. Warthogs, serve as natural reservoirs of ASF, show no symptom of the disease. Pigs can be infected when they were bitten by soft ticks containing the virus. Symptoms of ASF are high fever of 40°C to 42°C, eye discharges, vomiting, bleeding in skin and organs, and anorexia. The incubation period of ASF varies from 4 to 19 days, and infected pig dies in 6 to 13 days if the virus is highly virulent.

Still, there is no treatment or vaccine for ASF. When the virus is found, it is immediately reported to the OIE, and international trading with pork products should be stopped. Rapid slaughtering and disposal of infected pigs are essential. Moreover, further investigation and surveillance of the infected area and its surrounding area are required.

In Korea, ASF was found in 14 areas. Wild boar in the border area is one of the possible causes of the spread of ASF. On September 15, the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA) added Korea in the list of countries ASF is spread and banned most of the import of pork products.

 

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