With the temperature dropping rapidly these winter days, the body constricts its blood vessels to prevent heat loss and maintain homeostasis. However, as blood vessels narrow, blood pressure and viscosity rise simultaneously, making the odds of a stroke more likely. Strokes are very common worldwide, especially in this weather, ranking second among the top causes of death. Ischemic strokes, stemming from blocked arteries, and hemorrhagic strokes, deriving from the leakage or rupture of an irregular tangle of thin-walled blood vessels, both are which are the most common type of strokes, are generally referred to as “ticking time bombs” to doctoral researchers because it can bring unexpected results ranging from serious complications to even death. 

Though all stroke types require different treatments as their causes vary, the basis of it starts with a rapid diagnosis. Common symptoms include one-sided weakness or paralysis, slurred speaking, loss of muscle control, and loss of senses; however, in most cases, no symptoms are visible until approximately 70% of the blood vessels are blocked. Thus, diagnosis is primary to reducing further brain damage in stroke patients.

Illustration by Bailey Mariner

As mentioned before this, ischemic strokes occur due to blocked or narrowed arteries, so treatment tends to focus on restoring adequate blood flow to the brain. To restore blood pathways, taking drugs that dissolve clots, most effectively TPA injection, can ensure the prevention of additional blood clotting. Moreover, hemorrhagic strokes can be treated by taking drugs that regulate and reduce blood pressure in the brain. Rehabilitation regarding strokes includes speech, physical, and occupational therapy, all of which target the focal point of regaining lost skills such as balance and coordination. Even with these wide ranges of recovery options, the outcome predominantly depends on how quickly someone receives treatment and rehabilitation, therefore with the right assistance, regaining one’s quality of life is possible. 
 
 

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