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What is Space Junk?
ÀåÁØÈ£ °­³²Æ÷½ºÆ® Çлý±âÀÚ | ½ÂÀÎ 2023.02.03 20:08

Debris is abundant in Earth's orbit. Space junk consists of detritus from satellites that have reached the end of their useful lives or rockets that have been launched. Some people believe that due to the vast universe, junk does not matter. However, it is incorrect because most of the space junk is in Earth's orbit. Whether we should care about junk outside the Earth may be posed, but it can significantly impact our space sector in the future; therefore, we need to consider a solution immediately. 

In 1978, Dr. Donald Kessler introduced the concept of the perils of space debris. He suggested that space junk colliding with other spacecraft creates additional space debris, generating a chain reaction of collisions with other satellites, covering the entire orbit with space trash. This is known as the Kettler Syndrome; if it occurs, it is expected that great confusion will occur as mankind cannot advance into space and cannot use artificial satellites. Currently, the possibility of a space projectile hitting garbage is very low, but it cannot make us relieved. Among scientists, the 900 to 1000 km section and the 1500 km section of low earth orbit (the area from the ground to the altitude of 2000 km) are already considered to be in a state of breaking through the critical density.

There have been actual accidents. The satellite Kosmos 1275, which the Soviet Union launched in 1981, lost connection within a month of launch and generated over 300 new pieces of space debris. The same incident occurred again in 1993, and in February 2009, a dead Russian satellite, Cosmos 2251, and a U.S. communications satellite, Iridium 33, collided, producing massive space debris. In addition, as an instance of space debris falling to the ground increase, it is predicted that human damage may occur due to space debris. Typically, space debris burns up and disappears due to friction with the atmosphere during the process of entering the atmosphere. However, if the space debris weighs more than a ton or is made of a material that can withstand high temperatures, such as titanium, tungsten, or stainless steel, it can reach the ground. Furthermore, since space debris may contain toxic substances, it is best to avoid it as soon as it is founded.

Even without a new launch, NASA's 2006 model predicts that junk will maintain its present amount until 2055 and then self-replicate. To avoid this predicament, numerous initiatives are being made to eliminate space debris. Legislations and technical measures are in place, and in Europe, there is even a plan for satellites to dispose of space garbage. For the development of the space industry, this issue must be resolved as quickly as feasible.
 

https://www.dongascience.com/news.php?idx=58098


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